Derivation of 2$pi$ in the period of a simple pendulum
The pendulum movement equation is given by d2θ dt2 + g ℓsin(θ) = 0. For small values of θ, we can make the approximation sin(θ) ≈ θ, from whence we obtain the equation ¨θ + g ℓθ = 0. whose associated characteristic equation is x2 + g ℓ = 0 x = ± i√g ℓ. Thus the solutions are θ(t) = c1sin(t√g ℓ) + c2cos(t√g ℓ).
